Process for rendering materials or articles resistant to water and chemicals.



Warren ra'rns PATENT @FFTCE CARL KOCHMANN AND JULIUS KAUFMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY. PROCESS FOR RENDERING MATERIALS OR ARTICLES RESISTANT T0 WATER AND CHEMICALS.

no. erasure.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

To an whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CARL KOOHMANN and JULIUs KAUFMANN, subjects of the German Emperor, residing at Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Processes for Rendering Materials or Articles Resistant to Water and Chemicals, of which the following is a specification.

The subject of the present invention is a method of treating materials or articles with a compound or substance which at ordinary temperatures is capable of resisting water and most chemical influences-as, .for instance, acids, acid vapors, alkalies, ether, benzin, fats, petroleum,.&c, This substance, moreover, possesses the property of, in a melted state, completely penetrating porous and permeable materials and articles of any kind Without influencing their appearance and their form and of thereby (after the cooling and hardening of the impre nation) rendering these materials or articles likewise capable of resisting water and chemical influences. Under this invention carnaubawax is heated to a little abovemelting-point and alum in a suitably-powdered state is added to the melted mass while stirring same. The alum is dissolved to a fairly considerable extent in the melted carnauba-wax. The quantity of alum to be added may vary between five per cent. and the quantity required for complete saturation. The solution may be efiected'with or i ithout the action of pressure. The mass so obtained may be cast and molded into any desired shape. It may be used with or without the addition ofany desired filler substance as a waterproof and chemical-proof cement. If material, paper, cardboard, textile fabrics, or plaited work of any kind or shape are dipped into the melted substance, the atter permeates the materials after the manner of an impregnation, and after cooling and hardening the materials or objectsare resistant to water and chemicals withouthaving undergone any material change of appearance or form.

the production of substitutes for materials It is essential or most desirable that this impregnation does not, leave any externally-noticeable traces of the impregnating substance on the materials or objects treated, but that the articlesare ready for immediate use without any scraping and finishing. Nevertheless, the impregnated articles may, for 0bsign substances.

effects.

taining special effects, be subjected to known finishing, rplling, and smoothing processes.

The penetration into the materials is mainly attributable to the action of the alum, as Without the addition of alum the melted wax never, even during drying and heating, completely permeates the materials, and above all a crust always forms on the surface, whereas in connection with this invention the impregnating mass is drawn into the interior of. the materials without protruding on the surface.

To the melted mass fillers and dyestuffs of any kind may be added before the treatment for the purpose of increasing the hard- .ness and firmness of the impregnated articles and for attaining special effects, and in this connection it has been found that the greater the percentage of added alum the higher the receptivity of the melted substance for for- If, for instance, an impregnating substance-for a strong cotton or hemp textile fabric be saturated with a solution of three hundred grams of calcined alum in one kilogram of carnauba-wax, while adding three hundred grams of plaster-of-paris and three hundred grams of ground silicious earth (kieselguhr) there is obtained after cooling a hard rather elastic and firm material which very closely approaches vulcanite. To obtain a very flexible, soft, and yielding impregnation for materials or the like, a drying-oil is added to the melted mass. The residue of etherealoil of amber also gives ood Thus, for instance, a mixture 0" ten parts of carnauba-wax with one part of residue of oil of amber and one'part of powdered alum supplies a suitable impregnation for materials that are to possess great flexibility and firmness. By varying the uantit of the alum added and of the oil or of thefil er substances the most varied effects'and grades of flexibility and elasticity and firmness of the impregnated materials may be produced, so that they may'serve as substitutes for india-rub ber, leather, oil-cloth, parchment, &c..

This invention is especially serviceable for now used in tires of carriages having pneumatic tubes, waterproof wearing-ap arel,

such as cloaks and hats, &c., and firm ornlike slabs.

Instead of adding alum and the other ingredients to melted carnauba-wax the mate- Q eiaais rials or articles to be impregnated may be which consists in first saturating the material first treated with a concentrated solution of or article with a solution of. alum, and then alum or the admixtures referred to and then suhsequentlytreating same with melted car- 15 saturated with the melted wax. nauloa-wax ;,substantially as set forth.

5 What is claime'dis- In testimony .whereof we have signed our 1. The process of rendering materials or names tothis specification in the presence of articles resistant to Water and chernic'zals, two subscribing witnesses.

which consists in treatin the materials or ar- CARL KOCHMANN. ticles with a solution of a um, and melted car- V JULIUS KAUFMANN. 1o nauloa-wax. v Witnesses;

2. The process of rendering materials or ALBERT GRfiNF LD,

articles resistant to'water and chemicals, ARTHUR W6LKL 

